Process and apparatus for knotting pile threads in manufacturing carpets



1931= R.-EIBUSCHITZ ET AL, 1,835,211

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR KNOTTING FILE THREADS IN MANUFACTURING CARPETSFiled May 10, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 WW P 19 1931- R. EIBUSCHITZ ET AL1,335,211

PROCESS AND AILPARATUS FOR KNOTTING FILE THREADS IN MANUFACTURINGCARPETS Filed May 10, 193 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 8, 1931 NITSTATES PATENT OFFICE j-RUDOLF EIBUSCHITZ 'AND HUBEBT SCHREIBER, OFJAGERNDORF, CZECHOSLOVAKIA rno'onss" AND APPARATUS non. xnor'rrne PILETHREADS IN MANUFACTURING I CARPEIS Application filed May 10, 1930,Serial No. 451,381, and in Czechoslovakia May 18, 1929.

This invention relates to a process for knotting the pile threads intothe warp in the mechanical manufacture of carpets, and to apparatus forcarrying out this process. The invention consists in winding the pilethread that is to be knotted-in one or more times round a pair of warpthreads displaced out of the plane of the warp and thereby forming aring of pile thread, which is seized by a pair of nippers which pass ina known manner between the two displaced warp threads, whereupon thesaid ring is severed from the supply of pile thread, and the side of thering that has been so seized is pulled "between the two displaced warpthreads to form a Turkish knot at the end ofthe length of fabric so farwoven, and is ,cut through at the point seized by a cutting edge on thehead of thenippers.

V In the practical carrying out of this process substantial advantagesare obtained as compared with the processes and mechanical carpetknotting machines hitherto known.

In the first place it may be emphasized that the exceedingly complicatedcomposite knotting nippers hitherto employed, and the equallycomplicated actuating mechanism thereof, becomes superfluous. The devicefor placing the ring of pile threads, which is con- Y verted into a loopby cutting, round the pairs of warp threads, is distinguished by greatsimpl city of construction and of drive.

A furtherradvantage resides in the fact that the cutting of the finishedcarpet is ef- 0 n iected much more simply and with less waste,

since the halves of the cut rings stand out above the warp to a uniformlength.

It is also possible to make the ring from i one or more turns of thepile thread, and thus asit were to complete a larger area at the sametimeby knotting-in a tuft of threads. Moreover the length ofpile leftstanding above the warp may be regulated at will in a simple manner bysuitably selecting the diameter of the rings of warp threads.

One constructional form of apparatus suitable for carrying out theprocess according to theinvention is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 shows the device as a whole,diagrammatically and in perspective, and

Figure 2 is a front View, Figure 2a a plan,

and Figure 2b a longitudinal section of a winding bush.

Figures 3 to 7 show part of the apparatus in a succession of differentpositions.

The warp 1 is arranged in a vertical position. Behind the warp islocated a rail 2, extending over the entire breadth of the fabric. Inthis rail are formed a series of vertical apertures 4, merging intoslots 3 facing the warp. In the apertures 4 are rotatably supportedwinding bushes 5, each formed with a longitudinal slot extendingthroughout its lengtln Each winding bush is also provided with anexternal ring of teeth forming a pinion 6, which leaves the longitudinalslot free. These pinions mesh. with a rack 7, which is guided in therail 2.

The arrangement may for example be such that a winding bush 5 standsopposite to every fourth pair of warp threads. In order there fore tooperate upon the entire breadth of the warp, the rail 2 must bedisplacedby the breadth of one pair of warp threads after each knottingoperation, so that each winding bush passes from the first pair of warpthreads to the second, and then to the third, and returns to its initialposition after these step-wise movements. In general, therefore, amovement. mechanism must'be provided, which moves the rail 2 in thedirection of the arrow 00 transversely to the plane of the warp in themanner hereinbefore described. The construction of such a mechanism iscommonly known in this branch of the art and therefore need not bedescribed. Similarly the rack 7 is reciprocate d in the direction of thearrow g at every winding operation or knotting in, for the purpose ofrotating the winding bushes 5.

In front of the warp are located Spreaders or displacers 8 and 9, which,like the rail 2, receive a transverse displacement relative to the warp,and in addition to this a movement perpendicular to the warp in thedirection of the arrows z, for the purpose of displacing the pair ofwarp threads 1 that are to be knotted next out of the plane of the warpand introducing them into the winding bush 5 through the slot.

In this position of a pair of warp threads the pile thread is suppliedto the winding bush, the ring of pile thread is formed, the ring thusformed is seized by the knotting nippers and the ring of pile thread ispulled away from the winding bush. For this purpose there serve thedevices hereinafter described.

The pile threads are guided by the bobbin creel through tubes 11. \Vitheach wind ing bush is associated such a number of tubular pile threadguides 11 standiin side by side as corresponds to the number ordifferently coloured pile threads. The pile thread guides 11 arevertically-guided in fraines12,whi-ch can be trans: rsely displa; ed ina bracket 1 3 in the direction of the arrow of, like the rail The pilethread guides 11 hang from neck cords 14, which are connected with theplates of a jacquard machine. The hooks of the jacquard machine keep.the pile thread guides 11 constantly in a raised position and that pilethread guide in which the warp thread to be knotted-in located, isalways lowered.

In order to supply this pile thread to the winding bush, the lowerportions 16 of: the tubular guides 11 are hinged to the upper portionsby pivot bolts. so that they rock towards the warp, as shown in the caseof the outermost thread guide towards the r' ht in Figure 1:. Therocking of the port on 10 of the tubular guide towards the warp effectedby means of a forked gripper 17, which can be moved to and from the warpin the direction of the arrow in. In the ease of the. first movement,which tal es place after a pair of warp threads 1. has been displacedfrom the plane. of the warp, the gripper 17 rocks the tubular element 16through the gap formed in. the warp so that the end of the pile thread.lies between the edge of the longitudiliab slot in the winding bush anda spring ch p L8. The space necessary for this purpose. has beenprovided by a separate spreader 19, which is moved to and fro in thedirection ottheiarow n, and which in the first part of its movementdisplaces the spring 18 from the of the slot, and in the second part ofthe movement has released the spring 18', to enable the latter to pressthe end of the pile thread against the edge of the slot.

The winding bushes 5 are now rotated by displacing the rack 7 wherebythe pile thread is unwound from the bobbin and coiled round the windingbush 5, shown in Figure 3. The number of turns of thread may beregulated, this. being readily effected by altering the travel, of therack 7. The thickness oil thelltnot to bctied is thereby at the sametime determined, In any (use, however, the longitudinal slot in thewinding bush. 5 must be located exactly in; trout of the displaced pairof warp threads when the rack 7 comes to a standstill again.

A tter the winding of the pile thread round the winding bush, the partof the ring of thread l0 located in the neighbourhood of the 0t in thebush is nipped by the jaws 23, 24 or. the nippers 20, 21. This iseffected by moving the knotting nippers between the displaced warpthreads underneath the winding bush 5, then pushing forward the member20 of the nippers alone, and then raising both the members 20 and 21, sothat the member 2 l, together with the jaw 24c, enters the Winding bush5 through the short slot 22, and the jaws 23 and 24 of the nippers takeup positions on the outside and inside respectively of the part or" thethread ring 10* extending across the longitudinal slot in the windingbush. The member 20- thereuplonpushed lack a gain, whereby the threadring is firmly ni ped, in the lcmg-itudinal slot in the winding bush 5,between the jaws 23 and 24, as shown in Figure 4. In order to sever thering of thread 10 from the end or the pile thread projecting out of thelower portion 16 of the guide tube, and in doing sotoi leave as muchthread projecting out of the lower part of the tube as will; suiiice tobe engaged by the winding bush when the next operation occurs, the frame12 is shifted a little towards the side so that the tubular elementStakes up a position toone'side of the winch ing bush, shown in Figure4. The thread located between the knotting nippers 20 and 21 and theguide element 16 is now out through by moving forward a pile threadcutter Instead of shifting the entire frame 12 sideways in order toprovide the cutting lrngth 0t threa d between the ring 110? and thelower part 16 o l? the guide, the thread guides 11. may be rotatablysupported in the frame 12, and the lateralmovement of the part 16 maythen be effected by shifting the forked gripper 17 in the direction ofthe arrow 6' in Figure 1.

The pile thread cutters 25, and the part 1t) of the guide tube, nowleave the region of the winding bush, and the coil of thread 10* seizedby the knotting nippers 20, 21, is located on the winding bush in theposition shown in Figure 5. The thread ring 1O is now pulled oi? thewinding bush 5 by a relative n'ioveuientoi? the winding bush andknotting nippers 20, 21 in relation to one another, as shown in Figure6, and thereupon the knotting nippers return to their initial position,as shown in- Figure 7. The part of the ring 10 seized by the knotting'nippers is now pulled by them between the two warpthreads and thusformed into the Turkish l-mot, which is pulled tight at the edge of thefabric, and the point seized is out in twoby a head knife 26 on thenippers. A. tutt of pile threads is thereby knotted into thewarp and thepair of warp threads returns into the plane of the warp after withdrawalof the spreaders 8 and 9, and the knotting operation is repeatedstepwise at the next pairs of warp threads associated with each windingbush until a complete series of knots has been tied, whereupon theintroduction of the weft is effected in a known manner.

\Vhat we claim is 1. A process for knotting the pile threads into thewarp in the mechanical manufacture of carpets, comprising displacing apair of warp threads out of the plane of the warp, winding the pilethread round the displaced pair of warp threads, passing a pair ofnippers between the two displaced warp threads and seizing the pilethread wound round the warp threads with the nippers, severing the woundpile thread, drawing back the nippers from between the two warp threadsand thereby pulling one side of the winding of pile thread throughbetween the two warp threads, and forming a Turkish knot, and cuttingthrough the-pile thread with a knife edge on the nippers.

2. Apparatus for knotting the pile threads into the warp in a mechanicalcarpet loom, comprising means for displacing a pair of warp threads outof the plane of the warp, a slotted winding bush into which thedisplaced warp threads are introduced through the slot by the displacingmeans, means for gripping a pile thread in the slotted winding bush,means for rotating the slotted winding bush about itslongitudinal axisto wind the gripped pile thread round it, a pair of nippers capable ofbeing passed between the displaced warp threads and of seizing the coilof pile thread, means for severing the wound pile thread, means fordrawing back the nippers from between the two warp threads and therebypulling one side of the winding of pile thread through between the twodisplaced warp threads and forming a Turkish knot, and means for cuttingthrough the pile thread.

3. Apparatus for knotting the pile threads into the warp in a mechanicalcarpet loom, comprising a rail slidable lengthwise of the loom, slottedwinding bushes rotatably mounted in the rail, teeth on the outside ofthe winding bushes, means for displacing a pair of warp threads out ofthe plane of the warp, and introducing them into a slotted winding bushthrough the slot, means for gripping a pile thread in the slottedwinding bush, a rack longitudinally slidable in the rail and meshingwith the teeth on the winding bushes to rotate them about theirlongitudinal axes and thereby wind the gripped pile hreads round them, apair of nippers capable ofbeing passed between the displaced warpthreads and of seizing the coil of pile thread, means for severing thewound pile thread, means for drawing back the nippers from between thetwo warp.

threads and thereby pulling one side of the winding of pile threadthrough between the two displaced warp threads and forming a Turkishknot, and means for cutting through the pile thread.

4. Apparatus for knotting the pile threads into the warp in a mechanicalcarpet m,

, and with a short longitudinal slot opposite to the said longitudinalslot, teeth on the out-,

side of the winding bushes, means for displacing a pair of warp threadsout of the plane of the warp, and introducing them into a slottedwinding bush through the slot, means for gripping a pile thread in theslotted winding bush, a rack longitudinally slidable in the rail andmeshing with the teeth on the winding bushes to rotate them about theirlongitudinal axes and thereby wind the gripped pile threads round them,a pair of nippers capable of being passed through the short longitudinalslot in each winding bush and between the displaced warp threads and ofseizing the coil of pile thread, means for severing the wound pilethread, means for drawingback the nippers from between the two warpthreads and thereby pulling one side of the winding of pile threadthrough between the two displaced warp threads and forming a Turkishknot, and means for cutting through the pile thread.

5. Apparatus for knotting the pile threads into the warp in a mechanicalcarpet loom, comprising means for displacing a pair of warp threads outofthe plane of the warp, a slotted winding bush into which thedisplacedwarp threads are introduced through the slot by the displacingmeans, means for gripping a pile thread in the slotted winding bush,means for rotating the slotted winding bush about its longitudinal axisto wind the gripped pile thread round it, a pair of nippers capable ofbeing passed between the displaced warp threads and of seizing the coilof pile thread, means for severing the wound pile thread, means fordrawing back the nippers from between the two warp threads and therebypulling one side of the winding of pile thread through between the twodisplaced warp threads and foming 'a Turkish knot, and a knife edge onthe part of the nippers against which the pile thread bears in tying theTurkish knot,'the knife edge being adapted to cut through the pilethread when the knot is pulled tight.

6. Apparatus for knotting the pile threads into the warp in a mechanicalcarpet loom, comprising means for displacing a pair of warp threads outof the plane of the warp, a slotted winding bush into which thedisplaced warp threads are introduced through the slot by the displacingmeans mechanical- 1y actuated illblllfiti pile-thread guides, the lowerpart of each of the said guides being hinged to the upper part, a guiderail niovable transversely to the warp and adapted to bring the lowerhinged parts of the pilethread guides wi'hin reach ii the winding bush,means for gripping :i pile threai In the slotted winding; bush. meansfor rotatin the slotted winding bush about its longitudinal axis to windthe gripped pile threud round. it, a pair of nippers capable of being);

5 1 v 1 l passedbetween tne displaced uzup tineeds and 0t seizing thecoil ot pile thread, means for severing the wound pile thread, means fordrawing heel: the nippers from between the two- WLL]')'l?li1f,L .(lS andthereby 1'. illing' one side of thew in ding et' pile thread th roughbetween the two displaced warp threads and fornring a Turkish knot, andmeans for cutting through the pile thread.

7?. Apparatus for knottinp; the pile threads into the warp in aineel'imiieal carpet loom. comprising a rail slideble lengthwise of thelooi ni, winding bushes rotatably mounted in the rail, eaeh winding bushbeing termed with a longitudinal slot throughout its l8} j and with ashort longitudinal slot opposite to the snid longitudinal slot. teeth onthe outside of the winding luishes, means "For displacing a. pair ofwarp threads out oi": the phrue ot the warp, and introdueingthem into itslotted winding bush through the slot. mechanically actuated tubularpile-threa d guides, the lower part of each of the said guides beinghinged to the upper part, a guide rail movable transversely to the warpand adapted to bringthe lower hinged parts of the pile-thread guideswithin reach ot the winding bush, means for gripping n pile thread inthe slotted winding bush, a reek longiti-idinally slidable in the railand meshing with the teeth of the winding bushes to rotate them abouttheir longitudinal axes and thereby wind the gripped pile threads roundthem, a. pair of nippers capable of being passed through the shortlongitudinal slot in each winding bush and between the displaced warpthreads and of seizing the coil of pile thread, means for severing thewound pile thread, means for drawing back the nippers from between thetwo warp threads and thereby pulling one side of the winding of pilethread through between the two displaced warp threads and forming :1Turkish knot, and. a knife edge on the part of the nippers against whichthe pile thre d beers in tying" the Turkish knot, the kn to edge being"adapted to cut through the pile thread when the knot is pulled tight.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

RUDOLF EIBUSCHI'IZ. I-IUBERT SCHREIBER.

